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Preposition + -ing Unit 59


Unit 59

Preposition + -ing

(a) Если глагол следует за предлогом

in at with about и т.д.,

то он оканчивается на -ing.

Рассмотрим примеры:

 

Are you interested

in

working

for us?

I'm fed up

at

learning

languages.

I'm not very good

with

studying.

 

The children are excited

about

going

on holiday.

What are the advantages

of

having

a car?

This knife is only

for

cutting

bread.

John went to work

in spite of

feeling

ill. (См. Unit 109.)

I bought a new bicycle

instead of

going

away on holiday.

 

(b) Можно употреблять -ing с before и after:

 

- Before going out I phoned Ann.

You can also say: `Before I went out I...'

- What did you do after leaving school?

You can also say: `... after you left school?'

 

(c) Вы можете употребить by -ing, чтобы сказать,

как что-то случилось:

 

- They got into the house by breaking a kitchen window and climbing in.

- You can improve your English by doing a lot of reading.

 

(d) После without тоже можно использовать -ing:

 

- Tom left without finishing his dinner.

- She ran five miles without stopping.

- He climbed through the window without anybody seeing him.

(или `... without being seen.')

- She needs to work without people disturbing her. (или `... without

being disturbed.')

- It's nice to go on holiday without having to worry about money.

 

(e) To - обычно часть неопределенной формы

(infinitive).

Например:

 

- They decided to go out.

- I want to play tennis.

 

Но to также является и предлогом.

Примеры:

 

- Tom went to London.

- He gave the book to Ann.

- I prefer cities to the countryside.

- I'm looking forward to the week-end.

 

Если за предлогом следует глагол, он оканчивается

на -ing (см. раздел a). Поэтому, если to - предлог

и за ним следует глагол, надо говорить to -ing.

Например:

 

- I prefer cycling to driving (а не `to drive')

- I'm looking forward to seeing Ann again. (а не `to see')

 

О be/get в связи с использованием -ing см.Unit 62.


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