Unit 89
Relative clauses (2) cluses with or without who/that
(a) Взгляните еще раз на примеры из Unit 88:
- The man who lived next door was a sailor. (или `that lived')
- Where are the eggs that were in the fridge? (или `which were')
В этих предложениях who и that являются
ПОДЛЕЖАЩИМИ, сказуемые которых находятся в
уточняющей части предложения: мужчина живет
по-соседству, яйца были в холодильнике. В этих
предложениях who или that нельзя опускать.
Иногда who и that являются ДОПОЛНЕНИЯМИ при
глаголах в уточняющей части предложения:
|
the man - I wanted to see him - was away on holiday - The man who (или that) I wanted to see was away on holiday. |
|
have you found the keys? - you lost them - Have you found the keys that you lost? |
Когда who или that являются глагольными
дополнениями в уточняющей части предложения,
тогда вы можете их опускать:
- The man I wanted to see was away on holiday.(но не `The man I wanted
to see him was away on holiday.')
- Have you found the keys you lost? (но не `Have you found the keys
you lost them?')
- The work Fred did was not difficult. (= the work that Fred did)
- The man Jess is going to marry is Italian. (= the man who/that
Jess is going to marry)
- Is there anything I can do? (= is there anything that I can do?)
(b) В относительных придаточных предложениях
часто употребляются предлоги (in/at/with и
т.д.). Рассмотрите положение этих предлогов
в следующих предложениях:
|
do you know the girl? - Tom is talking to her - Do you know the girl (who/that) Tom is talking to ? |
|
the bed - I slept in it last night - wasn't very comfortable - The bed (that) I slept in last night wasn't very comfortable. |
- The man (who/that) I sat next to on the plane was very strange.
- Are these the letters (that) you couldn't find?
- The girl (who/that) he fell in love with lives in Pensacola.
(c) What не употребляется вместо that:
- Everything (that) he promised was done. (а не `everything what
he promised')
- I gave her all the love (that) I had. (а не `all ... what I had')_
What = the thing(s) that:
- Will he do what I said? (= the words that I said)
- No-one will learn what has happened. (= the thing that has happened)